Resources
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Calculations on Micromachined Electro-Thermal Sensor Devices
Bernd Folkmer, Martin Hirt, Michael Vosseler, Hartmut Glosch, Frank Hedrich, Sophie Billat, Walter L
"In this contribution the experiences gained using ANSYS/Multiphysics software for analysis of micro machined electro-thermal sensor devices are described."
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(ANSYS, Inc.)
Presentation on Cast Iron plasticity model introduced in ANSYS 6.1 (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).
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Cavity mechanics and vibrations under Lorentz forces excitation
Danilo Barni
(Harmonic, modal analyses)
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Chaboche Nonlinear Kinematic Hardening Model [PDF]
Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)
"The Chaboche nonlinear kinematic hardening model was added in ANSYS 5.6 to complement the existing isotropic and kinematic hardening rules that users relied on. Despite its availability for nearly ten years as of the time of this writing, the Chaboche model has enjoyed limited popularity, in part because of the perceived complexity of calibrating the material parameters. This memo hopes to introduce the basics related to the Chaboche nonlinear kinematic model."
(Week 47, week of 05/04/08) -
Characterization and Analysis on the Solder Ball Shear Testing Conditions
Xingjia Huang, S.W. Ricky Lee, Chien Chun Yan, and Sam Hui
"This paper presents both experimental investigation and computational analysis on the solder ball shear testing conditions for ball grid array (BGA) packages." (Creep, contact)
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Closing the Gaps on Data Interoperability [PDF]
Don Hemmelgarn
PowerPoint presentation
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Clustering Results Around Peaks for Full-Harmonic Analyses in ANSYS
Aaron Acton (ANSYS, Inc.)
"This article presents a method for obtaining full harmonic solutions clustered around potential peak responses. Full harmonic analyses provide exact solutions, typically calculated at equally spaced intervals over the desired frequency range. Mode-superposition analyses, however, provide approximate solutions, but can be clustered around potential resonant peaks. The hybrid method discussed in this article uses a modal solution to determine natural frequencies, which are then used to calculate clusters of points surrounding those frequencies. Full harmonic solutions can then be performed at these clustered points. Examples and input les are provided in order to utilize this method."
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Collaborative Virtual Prototyping: A Product Development Imperative [PDF]
Marc Halpern
PowerPoint presentation
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Comparison of FLUID29 and FLUID79 Elements
Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)
"Analyses were conducted to verify that similar results could be obtained by using the displacement formulated fluid elements FLUID79 or the pressure formulated fluid elements FLUID29."
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Matthieu Chabanas, Yohan Payan, Christophe Marecaux, Pascal Swider, and Franck Boutault
"A Finite Element model of the face soft tissue is proposed to simulate the morphological outcomes of maxillofacial surgery. Three modelling options are implemented: a linear elastic model with small and large deformation hypothesis, and an hyperelastic Mooney-Rivlin model. An evaluation procedure based on a qualitative and quantitative comparison of the simulations with a post-operative CT scan is detailed. It is then applied to one clinical case to evaluate the differences between the three models, and with the actual patient morphology. First results shows in particular that for a “simple” clinical procedure where stress is less than 20%, a linear model seams sufficient for a correct modelling."
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Comparison of Rectangular and Spherical Models
Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)
"The purpose of this investigation was to compare the two modelling techniques for an infinite boundary. The first technique involves setting the elements on the edges of the model to have an absorptive property by changing the material properties so that mu=1. The second technique involves the use of infinite elements (infinite129) that must be placed on a constant radius curvature."
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Compiling UPFs and Creating Customized ANSYS Executables [PDF]
Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)
"ANSYS User Programmable Features (UPFs) are quite powerful means of customizing ANSYS beyond the scripting capabilities of the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). Writing one’s own constitutive models or complex loading functions or even creating a user-defined element are possible with UPFs.
Because some users may find it challenging to get started using UPFs, this memo hopes to discuss general issues related to compiling and linking a customized version of ANSYS for Windows and Linux environments."
(Week 51, week of 02/08/09)
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Bret A. Zahn
"Viscoplastic finite-element simulation methodologies were utilized to predict ball and bump solder joint reliability for a silicon based five-chip multi-chip module package under accelerated temperature cycling conditions." (Nonlinear, Anand)
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Compressive Strength of Solid Clay Brick Masonry under Eccentric Loading
A. Brencich, C. Corradi, L. Gambarotta, G. Mantegazza, E. Sterpi
"Arches, vaults and pillars generally experience eccentric normal force. As a consequence, the classical theories of masonry collapse, developed for concentrically compressed brickwork, are not directly applicable. In this paper experimental data on solid clay brick and lime-mortar masonry prisms, eccentrically loaded, are presented. Comparing the results to the response of a FEM model, some hints on the collapse mechanism of masonry show that the edge effects greatly affect the load carrying capacity of the brickwork. Besides, the plane section assumption is found to be acceptable up to the ultimate compressive strength, allowing relatively simple models to be used for arch-type structures." (Concrete SOLID65)
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Ch. Wang, M.C. Lin, C.H. Chang, L.H. Chang, H.H. Chen, T.C. Fan, K.T. Hsu, J.Y. Hsu, C.S. Hwang, K.T
"In part II of the conference paper, we address our efforts on the determination of the maximal magnetic loading on the individual magnetic arrays, and on the estimation of the resulting structure deformation by using the 3D finite element code ANSYS."
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Constellation Pathfinder: A University Nanosatellite
C.D. Rayburn, H.E. Spence, H.E. Petschek, M. Bellino, J. Vickers, M. Murphy
"This paper updates the progress of the Constellation Pathfinder Mission (CPM) design. Specifically, preliminary results in areas including satellite design, orbital mechanics, thermal design, structural design, and attitude determination and control are discussed."
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Qiang Xiao, William Armstrong, James Pitarresi, Satish Chaparala, Brian Rogeman, Bahgat Sammakia, Lu
"The thermal-mechanical response of electronic packages was simulated using the commercial finite element code ANSYS coupled with the Garofalo model to represent the solder constitutive creep response. The measured properties for bulk and thin-cast Sn3.9Ag0.6Cu SAC alloy were used in the FE modeling."
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Construction Machinery Cab Vibro-Acoustic Analysis and Optimisation
L. Bregant, G. Miccoli, M. Seppi
"A 3D cavity representing the earth-moving machine cab has been modelled by means of a FE structural mesh (Ansys), reproducing the characteristics of the real structure. Starting from the cab vibration load experimental acquisition, a BEM coupled analysis (Sysnoise) has been carried out to evaluate the cab inner vibro-acoustic field as a function of the physical properties of each structural element. A multi-objective design optimisation code (modeFrontier) drives the analysis process flow taking into account the cab parameter structural modifications and carrying out the vibro-acoustic field optimisation."
[ANSYS Dynamics, version unspecified] -
Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)
"Generally speaking, nonlinear analyses involving contact can be quite challenging to solve when the contacting area changes during the load history. However, ANSYS Workbench Simulation has very robust contact technology, along with diagnostic tools that can help the user obtain converged, accurate solutions. This memo hopes to discuss some tips related to contact analyses in hopes of aiding the user who encounters difficulties when solving contact analyses."
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N. Kaya, F. Öztürk
"Proper fixture design is crucial to product quality in terms of precision, accuracy and finish of the machined part. Fixturing systems must be capable of positioning, holding and supporting the workpiece throughout the machining process. In this paper, modular fixture design verification analysis is carried out for time-varying machining forces using nonlinear finite element analysis. Chip removal effect is taken into account using element death technique and the frictional contact between workpiece and fixture elements is also considered. This paper also adresses applying optimal clamping forces in order to minimize the deformation. A case study is presented to demonstrate the suggested methodology."
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Contact Wizard Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]
Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)
Describes some of the enhancements made to the Contact Wizard at ANSYS 6.0, including support of 17x contact elements' thermal features and ability to edit contact pair options through same interface.
(Week 5, week of 10/22/01.) -
Converting Prony Series to Frequency Domain
Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)
Simple example showing how to convert Prony series for viscoelasticity from time domain to frequency domain. This is to convert TB,PRONY to TB,ELASTIC/SDAMP for use in harmonic response analyses.
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Converting piezoelectric data [PDF]
Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)
Conversion of material properties of piezoelectric ceramics (such as PZT) has caused many users confusion because of the difference between manufacturer-supplied data and the format required by ANSYS. This memo hopes to clarify this point and to provide users with information on conversion routines. Accompanying Spreadsheet.
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Converting pressures to nodal forces [PDF]
Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)
Tip on converting element pressures to nodal forces. This can be useful for mode superposition methods where LVSCALE may not be suitable.
SI_P2F Macro and test input file. -
Coupled Structural-Acoustic Analysis Using ANSYS [PDF]
Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)
Paper on using SHELL63 and SOLID45 with FLUID30 in acoustic analyses.
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Coupling low-order elements to high-order elements in ANSYS
Aaron Acton
"This article presents several methods for obtaining coupling at the interface between low- and high-order elements in ANSYS. This situation can be encountered when modelling the fluid-structure interaction between a solid domain, modelled with quadratic elements, and an acoustic fluid domain, modelled with linear elements. The two methods determined to be most suitable for achieving this coupling are by using either constraint equations or contact elements, both of which are likely more-robust methods than by simply attaching coincident nodes on matching meshes. Examples are provided for each case described herein, and the results from each are compared to the ANSYS 11.0 verification problem VM177."
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Mike Rife (CSI)
The use of the Ansys Parametric Design Language, APDL, to create simple but reusable macros can be a significant time saver. This Tip of the Week will show two examples of macros written for current Ansys users. These macros may be extended or used as templates for future macros.
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Paul McGarry (Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology)
"A step by step GUI method for creating a left or right-handed helix, in any axis, for any pitch or diameter."
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E. Neubauer and H.Peter Degischer
"Main aim of the research in the frame of the AMTT programme was the testing of a fiber reinforced Al-alloy. For investigation of the creep behaviour of this material, creep tests under bending were performed. The tested material was Al99.85+0.1%Mg reinforced with Al2O3 fibers (Altex/Sumitomo), which was prepared by means of gas pressure infiltration. Main benefit of such a material for application would be the lowering of the weight of the material without a loss of properties."(see Appendix A for ANSYS use in this document)
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Customizing GUI Behavior [PDF]
Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)
"The /UIS and /MSTART commands provide the user with control over much of the GUI behavior. At 5.7 and 6.0, this has been extended to include control over the multilegend feature, background color, and mouse button assignment for dynamic rotations. Used in conjunction with the startxx.ans file, this allows the user to change GUI behavior in each ANSYS session."
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(ANSYS, Inc.)
Presentation on cyclic symmetry enhancements at ANSYS 6.1 (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS"seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).
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Delamination in Patterned Films
X.H. Liu, M.W. Lane, T.M. Shaw, E. Simonyi
"When the dielectric constant of an insulator in an interconnect is reduced, mechanical properties are often compromised, giving rise to significant challenges in interconnect integration and reliability. Due to low adhesion of the dielectric an interfacial crack may occur during fabrication and testing. To understand the effect of interconnect structure, an interfacial fracture mechanics model has been analyzed for patterned films undergoing a typical thermal excursion during the integration process. It is found that the underlayer pattern generates a driving force for delamination and changes the mode mixity of the delamination. The implications of our findings to interconnect processes and reliability testing have been discussed."
[ANSYS Structural, version unknown] -
Design And Manufacturing Of Micro Via-In-Pad Substrates For Solder Bumped Flip Chip Applications
John Lau, Chris Chang, Ricky Lee, Tsung-Yuan Chen, David Cheng, Tzyy Jang Tseng, Dyna Lin
"A novel and low-cost micro via-in-pad (VIP) substrate for supporting a solder bumped flip chip is presented in this study. Non-linear finite element analyses are used to determine the stress and strain in the copper VIP and the solder joint. Time-dependent non-linear analysis is used to predict the thermal-fatigue life of the VIP solder joint." (Nonlinear, Anand)
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Design Optimization of an Automotive Universal Joint Considering Manufacturing Cost
Nick Cristello and Il Yong Kim
"This paper presents the shape optimization of an automotive universal joint, by simultaneously considering manufacturing cost, maximum drivable joint angle and part volume. Comprised of three main components - two yokes and a cross trunnion - a universal joint is a linkage used to transmit rotational motion from one shaft to another when the axes are coplanar, but not coinciding. In this research, universal joint designs are analyzed and compared using a weighted sum of three objective functions: minimization of machining cost, maximization of adjoining shaft joint angle, and minimization of total part volume. Part modeling and analysis is conducted using the Finite Element Analysis package ANSYS and optimization is implemented using MATLAB. The results show Pareto frontiers for both the flange and weld yoke, constructed using the Adaptive Weighted Sum technique. These frontiers clearly illustrate the trade-off between machining cost and joint angle; that is, to increase the joint angle, a corresponding increase in the cost of the part is required. It has been shown that maximization of driveable joint angle requires a simultaneous increase in machining cost of 4.4% and 2.7% for the flange and weld yoke, respectively."
[ANSYS Structural, version 9.0] -
Z. Chang, S. Sherrit, M. Badescu, X. Bao, and Y. Bar-Cohen
"The USDC uses a novel driving mechanism, transferring ultrasonic vibration to sonic frequency impacts with the aid of a free-flying mass block (free-mass). The free mass then drives the drill bit. The actuator consists of a stack of piezoelectric disks with a horn that amplifies the induced vibration amplitudes. The standard USDC is a slender device, and some times its length is too long for specific NASA missions. It is of current interest to have novel designs that reduce the length of the device. For this purpose, two novel horn designs were examined analytically. One is the flipped horn, the other is the planar folded horn. The new designs of the horn were analyzed using finite element modeling and the results allow for the determination of the control parameters that can optimize the performance of the ultrasonic horn in terms of the tip displacement and velocity. The results of the modeling are described and discussed in this paper."
[ANSYS Piezoelectric, version 5.4] -
Design and Characterization of Thin Film Microcoolers
Chris LaBounty, Ali Shakouri, John E. Bowers
"Thin film coolers can provide large cooling power densities compared to bulk thermoelectrics due to the close spacing of hot and cold junctions. Important parameters in the design of such coolers are investigated theoretically and experimentally. A three-dimensional finite element simulator (ANSYS) is used to model self-consistently thermal and electrical properties of a complete device structure."
[ANSYS Thermal, version 5.5.3] -
Design and Implementation of a Flow Microsensor by using Silicon Microelectronics Technology
Roberto Rodrigues and Rogerio Furlan
"This work presents the design of a gas flow microsensor that was implemented by using silicon microelectronics technology. Its main features are a low power consumption (tens of mW) and the possibility of integration in flow microactuators. It was adopted a calorimetric device with free-standing microfilaments and thermoresistive sensor elements. Analytical and numerical modeling were developed for device analyses and design. The free-standing microfilaments were fabricated using surface micromachining. Characteristic curves, of output voltage vs. flow, were obtained by using a commercial flow sensor for calibration. A good agreement was obtained comparing the flow microsensor experimental characteristic curves with numerical simulation results."
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Design, Fabrication, and Testing of Fixed-Valve Micro-Pumps [PDF]
F. Forster, R. Bardell, M. Afromowitz, N. Sharma, and A. Blanchard
Use of Flotran for micropump analysis. (MEMS
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Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)
Simple tutorial on analyzing parts using DesignSpace with focus on compatibility with SolidWorks.
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Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)
Simple tutorial on analyzing assemblies using DesignSpace with focus on compatibility with SolidWorks.